Following is a selection of 'White Papers,' articles, buyer's specifications, and food for thought concerning the many different aspects of surge and power protection, grounding, device coordination strategies, sizing, creating power support for mission- critical systems, etc. 
We greatly encourage you to spend much time reading in this section. It contains a wealth of knowledge gained by the different authors' many years of experience in labs as well as the field. 
If you are having to substantiate an internal requisition, some of these may prove worthwhile in printing out as part of your requisition package.

• White Papers from M-Ti
• White Papers from TSi Power
• White Papers from CareBase and NIST

White Papers from M-Ti

Buyers Specifications for Meter-Based Surge Arresters
By M-Ti Engineering Staff
This specification describes the design and performance criteria for meter-based secondary  surge arrestors applicable for protecting Category C entrance environments against the harmful effects of transient surge energies.

Installation Practices and Lead Length: How they Effect the Performance of Surge Protective Devices
By Ted Dhooge, M-Ti 
Test results show shorter lengths are better. 

Open Neutrals
The causes and mechanics of open neutrals and the associated surge protective device problem.

Safe and Effective SPD Installation
Proper SPD selection, placement and basic safety installation steps.

Customization and Design of Surge Protection Products
A paper detailing M-Ti's focus on the 4 critical elements of SPD customization and design.

Induced Transient Voltage Surges
A look at Faraday's Law, lightning and other causes of induced transient voltage surges.

Protection Coordination
By Ted Dhooge and Jerry Bowen
The relevance of clamping levels and surge protective device coordination and SPD's working together.

SPD Fusing vs kA Ratings
What is required from SPD's in terms of short circuit fusing and failure mechanisms.

White Papers from TSi Power

Protection of Telecom Sites in Countries with Unstable Ac Mains
(Click here for this white paper in Adobe Acrobat PDF format)
by Peter Nystrom, TSi Power
How to effectively deal with mains voltages that fluctuate beyond the IEC assumed standard of 
a 184 to 264 vac input range. 

TSi Power Primer and Guide to UPS Terms 
(Click here for this white paper in Adobe Acrobat PDF format)
by Peter Nystrom, TSi Power
The basics of power protection, sizing, etc. 

IEC 1312 Surge Protective Device Coordination Comments
(Click here for this white paper in Adobe Acrobat PDF format)
by Peter Nystrom, TSi Power
Using principles of IEC 1312 to reduce the lightning threat to systems operation.

Designing For Surge Immunity In The International Market
(Click here for this white paper in Adobe Acrobat PDF format)
by Peter Nystrom, TSi Power
How to design for the best surge immunity for operations in sometimes hostile environments.

Coordination Of Telecommunications SPD's In Countries With Unstable Ac
(Click here for this white paper in Adobe Acrobat PDF format)
by Peter Nystrom, TSi Power
Power protection principles for telecom applications in developing countries with unstable ac.

Power Supply and Semiconductor Failure
(Click here for this white paper in Adobe Acrobat PDF format)
by Peter Nystrom, TSi Power
A short paper on why power supplies and semiconductors fail. Explains the causes and results of power disturbances, and some problems with current solutions.

Isolation Transformer Benefits When Used in UPS and Line Conditioners
(Click here for this white paper in Adobe Acrobat PDF format)
by Nam Paik, TSI Power
The benefits of an isolation transformer in UPS and line conditioning.

Choosing UPS Protection for Underdeveloped Countries
(Click here for this white paper in Adobe Acrobat PDF format)
by Nam Paik, TSi Power
Details the challenges and the differences in UPS requirements. Looks at three different UPS solutions to achieve reliability.

TSi Standby UPS Merits
(Click here for this white paper in Adobe Acrobat PDF format)
by Nam Paik, TSi Power
A short Ben Franklin style look at modified sinewave standby UPS features and benefits.

TSi Case Studies
(Click here for this white paper in Adobe Acrobat PDF format)
by Nam Paik, TSi Power
Case studies of usage of TSi products at the White House, the FAA, Army field use, etc.

White Papers from CareBase and NIST

The CareBase Philosophy on Using Power Protection Products
By Michael Gibson, CareBase
Recommendations for a cost-effective power quality solution strategy.

NIST Article on Power Quality ~ PQ Terminology Explained, plus Recommendations
By the National Institute for Standards and Technology
Power Quality Article For Homeowners. A great overview of power quality issues, terminology and examples.

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